Biography of Musical Inventor Joseph H Dickinson

Joseph Hunter Dickinson contributed several improvements to different musical instruments. Hes particularly known for improvements to player pianos that provided better actuation (the loudness or softness of the key strikes) and could play the sheet music from any point in the song. In addition to his accomplishments as an inventor, he was elected to the Michigan legislature, serving from from 1897 to 1900. The Life of Joseph H. Dickinson Sources say Joseph H. Dickinson was born in Chatham, Ontario, Canada on June 22, 1855, to Samuel and Jane Dickinson. His parents were from the United States and they returned to settle in Detroit in 1856 with the infant Joseph. He went to school in Detroit. By 1870, he had enlisted in the United States Revenue Service and served on the revenue cutter Fessenden for two years. He was hired at age 17 by the Clough Warren Organ Company, where he was employed for 10 years. This company was one of the largest organ makers in the world at that time and  made over 5,000 ornate inlaid-wood organs per year from 1873 to 1916. Some of their organs were purchased by Queen Victoria of England and other royalty. Their Vocalion instrument was a leading church organ for many years. They also began to manufacture pianos under the brand names of Warren, Wayne, and Marville. The company later switched to manufacturing phonographs. During his first stint  at the company, one of the large combination organs Dickinson designed for Clough Warren won a prize at the 1876 Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia. Dickinson married Eva Gould of Lexington. He later formed the Dickinson Gould Organ Company with this father-in-law. As part of an exhibit on the accomplishments of black Americans, they sent an organ to the New Orleans Exposition of 1884. After four years, he sold his interest to his father-in-law and went back to the Clough Warren Organ Company. During his second stint with Clough Warren, Dickinson filed his numerous patents. These included improvements for reed organs and volume-controlling mechanisms. He was not the first inventor of the player piano, but he did patent an improvement that allowed the piano to start playing at any position on the music roll. His roller mechanism also allowed the piano to play its music in forward or reverse. Additionally, he is regarded as the main contributing inventor of the Duo-Art reproducing piano. He later served as superintendent of the Aeolian Companys experimental department in Garwood, New Jersey. This company was also one of the largest piano manufacturers of its time. He received over a dozen patents during these years, as player pianos were popular. Later, he continued to innovate with phonographs. He was elected to the Michigan House of Representatives as a Republican candidate in 1897, representing the first district of Wayne County (Detroit). He was re-elected in 1899. Joseph H. Dickinsons Patents #624,192, 5/2/1899, Reed Organ#915,942, 3/23/1909, Volume-controlling means for mechanical musical instruments#926,178, 6/29/1909, Volume-controlling means for mechanical musical instruments#1,028,996, 6/11/1912, Player-piano#1,252,411, 1/8/1918, Phonograph#1,295,802. 6/23.1916 Rewind device for phonographs#1,405,572, 3/20/1917 Motor drive for phonographs#1,444,832 11/5/1918 Automatic musical instrument#1,446,886 12/16/1919 Sound box for sound-reproducing machines#1,448733 3/20/1923 Multiple-record-magazine phonograph#1,502,618 6/8/1920 Player piano and the like#1,547,645 4/20/1921 Automatic musical instrument#1.732,879 12/22/1922 Automatic piano#1,808,808 10/15/1928 Music roll magazine

The Basis for Russian Military Thought from the Late 18th...

The Basis for Russian Military Thought: From the Late 18th to Early 20th Century The success, or lack thereof, achieved by Russia s military during the 18th and 19th centuries has often been linked to the integration of Western, or European, strategies. Peter the Great, one of Russia s most revered military leaders, based much of his ideology concerning war around the things he learned while visiting other European nations. Russia s need to go abroad to find military strategies is often misrepresented as ignorance. However, ignorance did not propel the Russians to mimic western ideas. The borrowing of ideas was an attempt to recreate the effective strategy that propelled Russia to military greatness under Peter the Great.†¦show more content†¦Like many people before him, he was interested in the ideas of Suvrov, but he took a more practical approach to interpreting these ideas and developed a reform program with three goals. The first was to improve the administrative structure of the military, to create a more balanced and efficient means to contro l the military s different facets. Second, Miliutin wished to shift to a system of short term service with a reduced standing army and a large reserve force. This eventually turned into a 25 year service period for peasants, and resulted in a better trained standing army. The third goal of the reform program was to raise the quality of military education, particularly of officers, but of the soldiers as well. The effects of the reform system had more widespread applications than the military; it rattled the boundaries of the social classes that had been previously established as well. The reform instituted an extensive conscription plan that incorporated all social classes, not just the peasants. The educational reforms enabled lower class citizens to have the ability to gain higher class jobs. It was also the goal of this reform to eliminate the differences in education among officers. With these changes in place the Russian military had transformed itself into a larger versi on of the western powers of the time. Despite the reforms, the economy was in rather poor condition. Russia wasShow MoreRelatedSummary: the World at the Beginning of the 20th Century (Stage 6 Modern History)2218 Words   |  9 PagesHistory 2013 Summary: The World at the Beginning of the 20th Century Overview The world in 1900 was dominated by European powers, the industrial revolution had over the proceeding century given Europeans (specifically Western European nations such as France and Great Britain) a technological advantage over the rest of the world which these nations used to develop huge global empires under a system known as Imperialism. 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Tensions arose due to the West’s perceived delay in opening a front, the front being used as a political tool by Stalin and the perceived lack of supplies andRead MoreMarxism and Communism Christian Communism4953 Words   |  20 PagesIntroduction Communism is a social structure in which classes are abolished and property is commonly controlled, as well as a political philosophy and social movement that advocates and aims to create such a society.Karl Marx, the father of communist thought, posited that communism would be the final stage in society, which would be achieved through a proletarian revolution and only possible after a socialist stage develops the productive forces, leading to a superabundance of goods and services. PureRead More Communism Essay2765 Words   |  12 Pages Inbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Introduction Communism: A theory and system of social and political organization that was a major force in world politics for much of the 20th century. 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Benefits of Online Shopping Free Essays

Benefits of Online Shopping: 1) Convenience: The convenience of this method of shopping is the best advantage of online shopping. One does not have to wait in a line or wait till the shop assistant is ready to help with the purchases. Shopping can be done in minutes even if one is busy apart from saving time and avoiding crowds. We will write a custom essay sample on Benefits of Online Shopping or any similar topic only for you Order Now Online shops give the opportunity to shop 24 x 7 and also reward us with a ‘no pollution’ shopping. There is no better place to buy information products like e-books. Immediately after the payment is made one can download the information. And downloadable items purchased online eliminate the need for any kind of material goods at all. 2) Better Prices: The cheap deals and better prices we can get from online stores is fascinating because products come to you direct from the manufacturer or seller without middlemen involved. Many online shops offer discount coupons and rebates. Apart from this, the Online Store is only required to collect sales tax if they have a physical location in our state even if we buy from a store across the world. ) Variety: The choices you can get for products are amazing. One can get several brands and products from different sellers at one place. You can get in on the latest international trends without spending money on airfare. When you shop online, you can shop from retailers in other parts of the country or even the world without being limited by geographic area. These stores offer a far greater selection of colors and sizes than you will find locally. ) Send Gifts: Online Shopping makes sending gifts to relatives and friends easy, no matter where ever they stay. Now there is no need of making distance an excuse for not sending a gift on occasions like Birthday, Wedding Anniversary, Marriage, Valentine’s Day, Mother’s Day etc. 5) Fewer Expenses: Many times when we opt for conventional shopping we tend to spend a lot more than the required shopping expenses on things like eating out, traveling, impulsive shopping etc. ) Comparison of Prices: Online shops make comparison and research of products and prices possible. Online stores also give you the ability to share information and reviews with other shoppers who have first-hand experience with a product or retailer. 7) Crowds: Crowds force us to do a hurried shopping most of the time. Grumpy or irritating people and those who smell bad are a huge turn off. Crowds also create a problem when it comes to finding a parking place nearby where you want to shop and going back to your vehicle later loaded with s hopping bags. ) Compulsive Shopping: Many times when we go out on Shopping we end up buying things which we do not require because of the shop keepers up selling skills. Sometimes we even compromise on our choices because of the lack of choices in those shops. 9) Buying Old or unused Stuff at low prices: Online Shops make it possible for us to buy old or unused stuff at rock bottom prices. If we want to buy antiques there is no better options than online stores. 10) Discreet Purchases: Some things are better done in privacy. Online shops are also best for discreet purchases like adult toys, sexy lingerie and so on. How to cite Benefits of Online Shopping, Papers

Elton John Duets free essay sample

The cover sports two empty, antique chairs in a background of painted blues andgreens. Simple for a long-awaited album, but the CD inside holds many surprisesand brilliant pieces. Contrary to popular belief, it seems as thoughEltons brotherly sidekick and faithful songwriter, Bernie Taupin (the mindbehind such hits as Sad Songs Say So Much, and Nikita), is on vacation. Eltonand Bernie have remained partners through success and torment, but in this album,Taupin writes few songs, and leaves the rest up to new, but equally brilliant,lyricists. The opening number, Teardrops, a duet by k.d. lang and Elton, is thefirst single released from the album. An upbeat tone, with a touch of Eltons70s mystique, and the merging of two wonderful voices make this song a winner.Other featured artists include P.M. Dawn, Little Richard, Don Henley, Kiki Dee(that mysterious voice behind the huge hit Dont Go Breaking My Heart), ChrisRea, Tammy Wynette, Nik Kershaw, Gladys Knight, Marcella Detroit, Paul Young,Bonnie Raitt, Leonard Cohen, George Michael, and, of course, the music industryslatest fabulousa, RuPaul. We will write a custom essay sample on Elton John Duets or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page RuPauls scratchy voice doesnt complementEltons verses like it was expected to. The song, Dont Go Breaking My Heart (areproduced song as mentioned above, with the original female vocals performed byKiki Dee) is wonderful, but RuPauls very unfeminine singing does this one in.The background beat is almost hip-hoppish dance music; RuPauls style, notEltons. Old Friend, with Nik Kershaw seems to strike a sympatheticchord in the mind of the listener. It tells the story of two close friends whoSay what we mean and mean like we say/we dont like to mess around/but werethere to pull each other up when weve fallen down. These voices are anotherpair of melodious harmonies with a tune that will make anyone feeling down smilea little, and maybe think of an old friend, as Elton sings, Both of usunderstand well never have to say good-bye/just see you later. The verylast track, Duets for One, is a simple, classic Elton song (any fan willunderstand). The song has a touch of heart, great instrumentals and lyrics, and asong sticking in the mind of anyone who listens openly. Yes, Elton, withyour talent to create, sculpt, and perform, you have once again crafted amasterpiece. This album is worth checking out, and though I had my doubts aboutthe grand old man of pop and music, he has surprised me. I figured hed be burntout from producing hit after hit, album after album, going through the musicindustry like many people go through tissues, but he continues to amaze.

3 Ways You Can Live Life Like an Olympian

3 Ways You Can Live Life Like an Olympian Photo courtesy of Press Association Have you been watching the Olympics? I sure have, and I’ve been amazed not just at the athleticism of these amazing competitors, but at the clear impact of mental and emotional strength on who goes home as a winner, and who goes home disappointed. Here are just a few of the observations I’ve been making as to what makes a true Olympian: 1. If you fall and you CAN get up, get up. Mo Farah of Great Britain won the gold in the 10,000 meters after being accidentally tripped on the 10th lap. He was uninjured and unfazed, quickly returning to the front of the pack and ultimately winning his second Olympic gold in this event. Here’s what he had to say about the incident: â€Å"When I fell down I was just thinking, ‘Try to get up, try to get up. Don’t panic, don’t panic, don’t panic.’ And then I got up, and I tried to just get through it.† In contrast stands Russian gymnast Seda Tutkhalian. Tutkhalian over-rotated on her dismount from the beam, falling on her backside, and then made exactly the same mistake in her floor routine. In the end, it was mental gymnastics that failed her. â€Å"I had been thinking about it and I was upset,† said Tutkhalian. â€Å"And on the floor I have fallen because I was upset after my fall on the beam. During the floor exercise, I don’t know, I didn’t have the strength anymore. I don’t understand why.† Are you reminded more of yourself by Farah or by Tutkhalin? I recognize myself in both of them. Farah’s attitude is one we could all stand to have when we meet with an accident, or with any kind of failure. When I make a mistake with a client (yes it does happen), or when I am made aware of a typo in my blog, I have an initial surge of despair; but I am generally able to talk myself out of panic, do whatever necessary to make amends, and cross the finish line one way or another. From now on I will have Farah’s fortitude in mind when I stumble in one of my pursuits. 2. It’s your effort that really matters- not whether you win. I heard the gymnastics commentators say again and again that the gymnasts who go home satisfied are the ones who know they have given it their all. Yes there might be disappointment, but no â€Å"what ifs† to haunt them. There are many athletes who set records for their countries while not winning medals. They have a lot to be proud of. There are others who scored their personal best. Not everyone goes to the Olympics with expectations of winning a gold medal or any medal at all. There are many ways to win. American gymnast, Alex Naddour, won a bronze, not the coveted gold, for pommel horse- but it was the first of any kind of medal in 32 years for the U.S. Naddour said he felt like he won the lottery. He shared, â€Å"This is exactly what I wanted since I was a young kid, to go out and hit a great routine, score the highest I’ve ever scored in my life, out of country.† For him, bronze was golden. I happened to catch one of the quarter-final matches of women’s beach volleyball, and I hope the Brazilian team goes home proud after losing their match in an epic battle. Yes they cried, but they gave it everything in front of their own nation, and to me that’s what matters. My own degree of satisfaction is definitely tied to how much effort I put in. I experienced this phenomenon on the dance floor this week. One night, I went out salsa dancing and felt scared to ask anyone to dance with me. I danced by myself for most of the night, and went home feeling defeated. The next night, I did not let my fear stop me and I danced with some new people, coming home having had a ton of fun. Then on Saturday, I decided to go berry picking. I preferred to have company, so I put in some effort to ask 5 friends to come with me. I ended up going by myself and had a wonderful time amongst the raspberry bushes. Knowing I had not given up was the key to my satisfaction. Picking berries was also a sweet meditative experience that inspired the idea behind this blog! 3. When you’re winning, keep pushing, and have fun! Swimmer Katie Ledecky took the lead from the start in the 800m freestyle, and she never let go of it. She was chasing something other than the 7 other swimmers in the pool: her own world record. And she beat it. So much for â€Å"Quit while you’re ahead.† Katie said she knew from the start of her race that she would have a world record breaking time. I’m guessing that having that goal kept her swimming faster and faster, even with the rest of her competitors trailing behind her by seconds. Katie won, in part, because she was there for the experience more than the medals: â€Å"I’ve just had a lot of fun this week not only in the pool but just with my teammates. The memories mean more than the medals to me.† Once again, it seems that having fun is key to performing well and maintaining the drive to win. And how about Simone Biles, who did not rest on her laurels after winning the women’s gymnastics all-around, but scored a more than perfect score on her final vault to clinch that medal too? The smile on her face after that vault showed in no uncertain terms that she was living by her motto: â€Å"If you’re having fun, that’s when the best memories are built.† Finally, the indomitable Usain Bolt. He ended a press conference by kickin’ it up with some Brazilian samba dancers. The man can dance! The same combination of pushing hard and having fun will bring success in many aspects of life, including business. Too many people become the best and then forget that they need to keep innovating to maintain their leading position. For me, it’s the ongoing striving for excellence that keeps things fun and challenging. When I noticed I was getting bored of speaking about LinkedIn, I hired a speaking coach. Already I am thinking of new and creative ways to present material, engage my audience, and promote my services. The fun is back and I’m planning to win this game. More Olympics are coming this week. What are you taking away from the amazing athletes in Rio?

Definition and Examples of Agreement in English Grammar

Definition and Examples of Agreement in English Grammar In grammar, agreement is the correspondence of a verb with its subject in person and number, and of a pronoun with its antecedent in person, number, and gender.  Another term for grammatical agreement is concord. Basic Principles In English, agreement is relatively limited. It occurs between the subject of a clause and a present tense verb, so that, for instance, with a third-person singular subject (e.g. John), the verb must have the -s suffix ending. That is, the verb agrees with its subject by having the appropriate ending. Thus, John drinks a lot is grammatical, but John drink a lot isnt grammatical as a sentence on its own, because the verb doesnt agree. Agreement also occurs in English between demonstratives and nouns. A demonstrative has to agree in number with its noun. So with a plural noun such as books, you have to use a plural these or those, giving these books or those books. With a singular noun, such as book, you use a singular this or that, giving this book or that book. This books or those book would be ungrammatical because the demonstrative doesnt agree with the noun.–Jame R. Hurford, Grammar: A Students Guide. Cambridge University Press, 1994 Keeping Track of Details Agreement is an important process in many languages, but in modern English it is superfluous, a remnant of a richer system that flourished in Old English. If it were to disappear entirely, we would not miss it, any more than we miss the similar -est suffix in Thou sayest. But psychologically speaking, this frill does not come cheap. Any speaker committed to using it has to keep track of four details in every sentence uttered: And all this work is needed just to use the suffix once one has learned it.–Steven Pinker, The Language Instinct. William Morrow, 1994 whether the subject is in the third person or not: He walks versus I walk.whether the subject is singular or plural: He walks versus They walk.whether the action is present tense or not: He walks versus He walked.whether the action is habitual or going on at the moment of speaking (its aspect): He walks to school versus He is walking to school. Tricky Nouns Some nouns are commonly used with singular verbs although plural in form: Some nouns are commonly plural in usage, even though naming something singular.–Patricia Osborn, How Grammar Works. John Wiley, 1989 news, politics, economics, athletics, molassesnouns that state a given time, weight, or amount of energytitles of books, newspapers, television shows, even of plural formHis trousers were old and torn.The suds are almost down the drain.Scissors are a great invention.The contents were ruined. Examples Many dogs are made anxious by loud noises.An anxious dog is not able to focus and maintain attention.Dogs and cats are the most common pets.A dog and a cat are in our house.Usually, either the dog or the cat is in my room.Abandoning a dog or a cat is grossly irresponsible. Examples and Observations Bill Bryson The manager was one of those people who are so permanently and comprehensively stressed that even their hair and clothes appear to be at their wits end.–The Life and Times of the Thunderbolt Kid. Broadway Books, 2006 James Van Fleet I have read statistics that show only five out of every 100 people become financially successful. By the retirement age of 65, only one of these people is truly wealthy.–Hidden Power. Prentice-Hall, 1987 Maxine Hong Kingston She brought back another woman, who wore a similar uniform except that it was pink trimmed in white. This womans hair was gathered up into a bunch of curls at the back of her head; some of the curls were fake.–The Woman Warrior: Memoirs of a Girlhood Among Ghosts. Alfred A. Knopf, 1976 Bell Hooks Feminist activists must emphasize the forms of power these women exercise and show ways they can be used for their benefit.–Feminist Theory: From Margin to Center, 2nd ed. Pluto Press, 2000 Agreement in Radio TR: I dont know. Understanding guys dont mean you should live with them. SS: Lester... TR: What? SS: Understanding guys doesnt mean you should live with them. TR: Thats what I said. SS: Lester, subjects, and verbs have to be in agreement. The subject of that sentence is not guys, its understanding, and understanding, which is a gerund, by the way, is singular and it takes a singular verb. TR: I got no idea what youre talking about.–Tom Keith and Sue Scott in English Majors. A Prairie Home Companion, May 18, 2002

Statistical Techniques, Sample, and Data Collection Research Paper

Statistical Techniques, Sample, and Data Collection - Research Paper Example In a quantitative research, the sample refers to a group of people among the population with who the researcher has direct interaction or encounter with as part of the data collection process. The population can therefore be said to be a very large set made up of several people but the sample a subset within the larger set from who data is collected. Reading through reading through the work of Gall, Gall and Borg, one gets the understanding that having a sample is important for several reasons. In the first place, having a sample is very important to ensure that the researcher can have a group of people who can be handled well in relation to the time available for the study. What this means is that when there are so many people to deal with at a time, it may be difficult to perform an in-depth data collection. What is more, sample can be used to ensure that the researcher uses only people with the right form of information that the researcher seeks for the study. After the sample has been developed, a researcher may go ahead to collect data from the respondents or participants within the sample. Performing data collection can be very difficult for researchers and can even impact on the outcome of the study if the right data collection procedure is not selected. With this, Gall, Gall and Borg (2008) noted that there are several data collection procedures which are often defined under the research strategy that the researcher uses. For most quantitative research, the use of survey is used as the most preferred data collection procedure.

Political Parties and the Electoral Process Essay - 2

Political Parties and the Electoral Process - Essay Example It is, therefore, important to examine the differences between the Democratic and Republican parties, the role that campaigns have played in maintaining this two party system, and the reasons why third party candidates have never been successful at the national level in a Presidential election. Ideological Differences There are many differences between the Republicans and Democrats, but let us on three fundamental areas that are often raised in political discussions. Abortion, for example, is one issue that has divided the political spectrum fro decades. Generally speaking, Democrats support the right of a woman to have an abortion, commonly referred to as being pro-choice (Bolce & Maio, 2002). Republicans, on the other hand, are generally considered to be pro-life and believe that abortion should be illegal. Consider the military. While both parties obviously are proud of the military and believe whole heartedly in America’s right to defend itself, Democrats are in favor of a smaller military and less spending on this area. Republicans, however, typically argue for increased spending on the military and its various services (Pletka, 2013). Finally, we can point out differences on the environmental front. Democrats are generally supportive of policies aimed at protecting the environment, while Republicans are considered to be much more cautious in this area and look to the private sector to take the lead (Newport, 2009). The Campaign Process and Third-Party Candidates Lack of Success It has been said that money dominates America’s political system, and perhaps nowhere can this be demonstrated more than the campaign process. With the largest businesses and private individuals giving substantial sums of money to one of the two major parties, it becomes readily apparent why third party candidates have struggle to even get on stage with one of the other Presidential contenders, much less make an impact. Candidates from the Republican and Democratic pa rties dominate the airwaves during a Presidential campaign, while third-party candidates struggle to have enough money to put up campaign posters. In addition, since candidates must separately register in each of the 50 states in America, the grassroots effort must be tremendous (Colquitt, 2008). As each of the two major parties have hundreds of thousands of supporters in any given location, this is relatively easy for them to accomplish. Third-party candidates, however, generally have extremely localized support, making it nearly impossible for them to get on the ballot in all 50 states. Since America’s electoral system takes into account state votes separately from one another, third-party candidates find themselves at a comparative disadvantage right out of the gate. For these reasons, and other, the political system in America continues do dominate the office of President, and that will likely continue for the foreseeable future. Conclusion While certain third-parties hav e certainly made inroads into the political system at the local level, there role in the national system certainly remains negligible at best. There are ideological differences, to be sure, between the two major political parties. Political fighting has grown at a feverish pace

Disscuss the key purpose and rationale for why the government had Essay

Disscuss the key purpose and rationale for why the government had policies of protection - Essay Example The history of Australia is full of violence and bloodshed. The Aboriginal people are considered to be the earliest human race of Australia and is believed to have arrived in this land from the South East Asia around fifty thousand years ago probably during the Ice Age. The Aboriginals who are â€Å"Australia’s first people are divided into two main groups- the Aboriginal people of mainland Australia and the southern island of Tasmania† (Bartlett. 2002)1. During the last half of 17th century, the European explorers including the British sailed down to reach the coast of Australia. During that period, it was known as New Holland. The primary reason for British settlement was to find a suitable place for their convicts to be punished. Then British Governor, Arthur Phillip reached Australia with â€Å"two warships, three supply ships and six ships which carried the main group, almost 800 convicts† (Virginia Tech, n.d.)2. The Europeans however decided to settle down in this land as they found it ideal for cattle and sheep rearing. The ensuing clash of cultures between the two societies (The European and the Aborigines) led to terrible violence and occasional bloodshed. The period of European invasion in Australia is often called as the dark period in the Aboriginal history. Such ruthless had been the invasion, that this period is known as the ‘Killing Time’ in the Australian Museum’s Aboriginal Gallery (Simpson. 2001)3. Initially, the Australian Aboriginal people did not accept the European settlers and revolted against them. But the Europeans were well equipped with the latest weapons that they had brought with themselves from Europe. The Aboriginal people were unable to compete with them and thus the Europeans got an upper hand in the Land of Australia. The ownership of land was the major and the first reason for conflict between these two communities. The Aboriginals did not use the land

Disciplinary procedures

Disciplinary procedures Introduction: Discipline is the essential part of any organization. A disciplinary procedure is sometimes the best way for your employer to tell you when something is wrong. It allows them to explain clearly what improvement is needed and should give you an opportunity to put your side of the situation. The discipline policy is depending of the company. Hear in newly open Tesco, the manager can take action against non-disciplinary action by using the following procedure. Informal non-disciplinary action The line manager should make clear the nature of his or her concern together with any suggestions as to how the member might improve their work performance in such kind of non-disciplinary conduction. There is some stage of to handle non disciplinary action. Hear in this case as a department manager the decision is being made as per the company policy about the disciplinary action. In this case Paul Wilkinson come late to the work but leave early, so as a department manager the legal action would be taken as under. In the case of Paul Wilkinson the action would be taken as under Stage 1 First formal oral warning While taking any disciplinary action, it is essential to give a formal oral warning to the employee, hear the department manager already given the oral warning to the Paul Wilkinson about their non-disciplinary behaviour but he didnt improve her behaviour, now as per the company policy the department manager will take the second step to follow the procedure. Stage-2 written warning After all investigation about the case if the person found guilty or un-discipline the next step would be to give a written notice. In the notice contain all the detail about the case and further action taken by the department manager. After giving formal oral warning the Paul Wilkinson does not make any improvement so, the manger gives him a written warning about their conduct. This written warning is the proof of the action which is taken by the manager so, in future if any legal conflict are arise, this written warning can remain as a proof. so as a department it is very wise to give a written warning before taking any non-disciplinary action. Stage 3 Final warning If there is still a failure to improve and conduct or performance is still unsatisfactory, or where the matter is sufficiently serious, the company give him a final warning about to improve the behaviour or follow the company rules. In this final warning company have to mentioned that if candidate do not follow the rules, company will dismiss him immediately. In this case if the Paul Wilkinson still not make any improvement the manager give him an final warning. Stage 4: Dismissal If conduct or performance is still unsatisfactory, dismissal will normally take place this is not any warning but final dismissal letter given to the candidate. As a department manager, before taking the dismissal action he informs to Paul Wilson and if he will fail to conduct performance after final warning, he will be dismissed by the company. The action would be taken in the case of Sheena Johnson Hear in this case Sheena Johnson found to theft the material from the department, so this is a legal crime to stealing the material from the company and the manager told him to report him tomorrow. So in this case the action would be taken as under. Investigating of stealing: as a department manager the first procedure would be to gathering evidence of offences, because the evidence is the proof of the case, without evidence manager can not take any further decision. Hear in this case security caught the Sheena Johnson to stealing the material so; the manager will see the evidence and then take the further decision. Seek Legal Advice before Confronting an Employee: before taking further action manager need to present that to your companys legal advisor first of all. Further more you conduct any interview with the person in a calm and rational manner. In the event that a suspected employee isnt caught in the act of theft nor have they confessed, once you feel you have gathered enough evidence to support your theory more firmly, you need to present that to your companys legal advisor first of all. If they feel you have a watertight case with enough evidence to prove their guilt then its important that you conduct any interview with the person in a calm and rational manner. This is because if they are guilty, advanced warning might enable them to concoct lies or alibis as to why they couldnt have been involved. Just simply and politely say that you just need a brief chat after work and not give them any indication that it might be about a particularly serious issue. The Interview: If you opt for the interview, however, you need to tell them the reason why you wanted to see them, explain the situation in a calm and rational manner and then give them the right to respond. At first, they might simply refute your claims and stand their ground but the more hard evidence you can introduce after theyve finished speaking, the more likely theyll buckle under the pressure and confess. They may not, of course, which is the point at which you may need to seek further legal advice about pursing the matter in court, if its a serious case. Reference:- http://www.human-resource-solutions.co.uk/Areas%20of%20Interest/Discipline.htm http://www.workplacesafetyadvice.co.uk/dealing-with-employee-theft.html

Maturity in A Seperate Peace :: essays research papers

The book A Separate Peace by John Knowles is about a group of students at Devon, a boarding school in New England, going through a school year together. As the book continues, the boys seem to mature more or less throughout the book, sometimes getting mentally older, or sometimes getting mentally younger, varying between the characters. Phineas says to Gene, â€Å"Let’s go jump in the river.† To me, this seems childish. Jumping out of a tree into a river seems fun, but is something just about only a young child would do. What the reader thinks may be entirely different though, every person has their own thoughts about who does what when. But the point is that this does not seem like something a teenage boy at a boarding school would do. In chapter two, Phineas says to Gene that they should make a club. A club is not something you do in high school; it’s something you do in elementary school. Clubs are a way to waste time when you are young and a way to have fun with your friends when you are a little child. When you are in high school, it is not what you do to have fun with your friends. When Finny comes up with the idea of blitzball, he is again thinking like a child. The way he comes up with it makes him seem like the six-year-old Calvin from Calvin & Hobbes. He makes up the rules as they play the game, sometimes making it impossible for other people to get the ball. â€Å"Not say anything about it! When you broke the school record!† We all used to do this as children, when somebody doesn’t want something shared, you’d yell it out. It was something you did when you were a young child, not a young adult. When Gene says this, he is not trying to be childish, but he is trying to be funny. When the boys are shoveling the railroad tracks for money to help the trains pass along on the Boston and Maine line, they seem to have matured more. They are not only doing this for the money, but also to help the country out in a time of need. By doing this, they are not only doing this for themselves, but for the country and their self-satisfaction When Gene has decided to join the Navy; Brinker, the Coast Guard.

Fast Foods vs. Home Made Foods

These days, most people prefer fast food rather than home-made food. People are alike in needing food in order to survive, but they differ in choosing the kind of food they're having. Fast food and home-made food have considerable dissimilarities in preparation time, convenience, and quality. Despite the health risks that come with fast food consumption, people continue to eat it because many people have no time to select and prepare food at home. However, fast food need not be as unhealthy as its reputation. One advantage of home-made meals over fast food is its cheaper cost.However, because you also spend on seasoning, condiments and gas and electricity whenever you cook at home, the cost difference is quite possibly not as large as many believe. In addition, home-made meals generally take more time to prepare and require you to have cooking skills. On the other hand, the taste of home-made meals is generally better, because you are able to select fresh ingredients. You are also ab le to ensure the ingredients that go into your food are clean and free of contaminants. Nowadays, fast food attracts people more than home-made food does. It's known as the food that you don't have to prepare.Fast food is more common because people are always busy, and in a hurry, so they head towards fast food restaurants to save their time. For example, if a worker works for a long time and doesn't have enough time to cook a meal, (he/she) will definitely consume a fast food meal. Fast food is also common because it's convenient and people can find fast food restaurants in all places. In conclusion, both fast food and home-made food have significant divergence in preparation time, convenience and quality. Fast food might be better in saving time and being more convenient, while home-made food might be better in quality.

Free Essays on Trading Places

Trading Places: Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Neighbors† Many people would love to be someone else, but if they actually trade places are they happy with the lifestyle they are living now? In his short story, â€Å"Neighbors,† Raymond Carver provides the answer to this question. In this story, Carver shows many examples of a married couple trying to play the role of their neighbors while they’re away on a trip. Indeed, three important actions shown are: the husband Bill looks at himself in the bathroom, he nibbles on food in the kitchen, and he rummages through the closet and drawers of his neighbor’s apartment. Analysis of these elements in this short story connects with someone greatly admiring someone’s lifestyle. Readers should take heed of this important text as a bearer of admiration because it is not always good to try to portray someone else. Bill looking in the bathroom mirror of his next door neighbor is an important action of him actually thinking he’s living their lifestyle. For example, he grabs a bottle of pills that belong to the wife Harriet, reads the label directions and slips it into his pocket. But before doing so, â€Å"he looked at himself in the mirror and then closed eyes and then looked again† (Carver 64). Bill closing his eyes means that this imposing character is imagining that when he opens his eyes he will be one of the people living next door to him. As if he actually had to confirm that as long as he is in his neighbor’s home he is one of them. After looking at himself in the neighbor’s bathroom he couldn’t picture himself. He had to portray one of them or otherwise he would not be acting out his actual fantasy of doing things like his neighbor’s. The concentration drives him to actually put the pills in his pocket as if later on during the day he wou ld have to swallow the pill as if that is what the wife would do on a daily basis. Bill nibbles on food in the kitchen of the next ... Free Essays on Trading Places Free Essays on Trading Places Trading Places: Raymond Carver’s â€Å"Neighbors† Many people would love to be someone else, but if they actually trade places are they happy with the lifestyle they are living now? In his short story, â€Å"Neighbors,† Raymond Carver provides the answer to this question. In this story, Carver shows many examples of a married couple trying to play the role of their neighbors while they’re away on a trip. Indeed, three important actions shown are: the husband Bill looks at himself in the bathroom, he nibbles on food in the kitchen, and he rummages through the closet and drawers of his neighbor’s apartment. Analysis of these elements in this short story connects with someone greatly admiring someone’s lifestyle. Readers should take heed of this important text as a bearer of admiration because it is not always good to try to portray someone else. Bill looking in the bathroom mirror of his next door neighbor is an important action of him actually thinking he’s living their lifestyle. For example, he grabs a bottle of pills that belong to the wife Harriet, reads the label directions and slips it into his pocket. But before doing so, â€Å"he looked at himself in the mirror and then closed eyes and then looked again† (Carver 64). Bill closing his eyes means that this imposing character is imagining that when he opens his eyes he will be one of the people living next door to him. As if he actually had to confirm that as long as he is in his neighbor’s home he is one of them. After looking at himself in the neighbor’s bathroom he couldn’t picture himself. He had to portray one of them or otherwise he would not be acting out his actual fantasy of doing things like his neighbor’s. The concentration drives him to actually put the pills in his pocket as if later on during the day he wou ld have to swallow the pill as if that is what the wife would do on a daily basis. Bill nibbles on food in the kitchen of the next ...

Synonyms for Sofa

Synonyms for Sofa Synonyms for Sofa Synonyms for Sofa By Mark Nichol The item of furniture that is usually the centerpiece of a living room or family room or a lobby or waiting room goes by any one of many names, but they have useful distinctions in meaning. Here’s a rundown of sofa and its associated terms. Sofa, ultimately from Arabic, originally denoted a raised carpeted floor, but it is now the primary term in American English for a long piece of furniture for seating. (A sectional sofa, often called simply a sectional, is formed from multiple pieces, two of which join at an angle so that the furniture can be placed in the corner of a room.) A settee- the relatively rare term stems from the Old English word setl- is a sofa, often with fewer cushions or none at all, with a back and (usually) arms. Couch, ultimately from the Latin word collocare, meaning â€Å"lay or place,† is interchangeable with sofa but originally referred to a piece of furniture for lying down that was backless, with only the head raised. It is still used in this sense in reference to furniture on which a psychiatrist’s patient lies during a session. (â€Å"Casting couch† alludes to the practice in which a film or theater producer seduces someone on the piece of furniture in exchange for giving that person a role.) Couch is also a verb with a seemingly unrelated meaning; originally, it referred to inlaying or overlaying gold, but it has also long had a sense of â€Å"put into words,† with the idea that a message is worded in such a way to obscure the truth or influence perception. Canapà ©, adopted into English from French to refer to an elegantly styled sofa, derives from the Greek word for mosquito or gnat; it originally referred to a mosquito net. (The English word canopy is cognate, and canapà ©, referring to a type of appetizer, was inspired by the furniture term.) Squab, of Scandinavian origin, is an obscure synonym for couch that can also refer to a cushion. The love seat, originally designed hundreds of years ago to accommodate one woman during an era when fashion dictated voluminous apparel, evolved into a piece of furniture that seated two people- often, a couple, hence the name. (It was also known as a courting chair.) A variation on the love seat is the tà ªtetà ªte (the term, French for â€Å"head to head,† also refers to a private two-way conversation), which seats two people facing in opposite directions and separated by an S-shaped armrest. A davenport (the name is that of a now-defunct furniture company that produced such furniture) is a large sofa that may or may not be able to be converted into a bed; the term is used primarily in the Midwest and in upstate New York, though it may refer elsewhere to a futon-style sofa. (Davenport is also the name of a compact writing desk such as that also manufactured by the same company.) The traditional Japanese futon is a portable mattress, but in the United States and other Western countries, futon refers to a sofa topped with a cushion that can be unfolded to form a mattress when the frame is adjusted to serve as a bed. A chesterfield, meanwhile, is a davenport with upright armrests. The name, which survives primarily in Canada but also, interestingly, in Northern California, derives from an earl of Chesterfield who commissioned a style of furniture that became popular during the 1700s. (Chesterfield is also the name of a type of overcoat with a velvet collar.) Several other terms denote convertible sofas: A daybed is a bed designed to be used as a sofa, a sofa bed is a sofa that can be unfolded to form a bed, and a studio couch- the name derives from the use of studio to refer to a small one-room apartment, not an artist’s chamber- is a backless couch with a cot that can be pulled out from underneath it and fitted alongside the couch to form a double bed. A divan, meanwhile- the word derives ultimately from the Persian word for a book or a bundle of papers and later a government council- is a seat that is often armless and/or backless. (In the United Kingdom, the term refers to a type of bed.) Similar items designed for one person include the fainting couch, a small, narrow fully or partially backless sofa with one end raised. (The name originated in the nineteenth century, supposedly when constricting corsets required that such furniture be conveniently located for a woman short of breath to recline and recuperate.) A recamier (named after the subject of a painting in which such an item appeared) resembles the fainting chair but is distinguished by having a curved high headrest and a matching low footrest. The chaise longue is a reclinable chair extended to provide support for the legs. (The second word is often spelled or at least pronounced in American English like lounge, though the term is French for â€Å"long chair.†) An ottoman, though not technically a sofa, is often an accessory to one or to a chair; it is a backless, armless seat on which one can sit or put up one’s feet. Originally, the name applied to a couch for reclining, a style inspired by habits observed in the Ottoman Empire during the nineteenth century. Bench, related to bank and with multiple meanings, refers in this context to a long, usually hard seat for two or more people. A banquette (the word, from French, is a diminutive of banc, meaning â€Å"bench†) is an upholstered bench, often built in along a wall, or a sofa with one arm. (The term also refers to a raised surface along a parapet or a trench used in warfare to accommodate soldiers to fire guns over the barrier; in Southern US dialect, it is also a synonym for sidewalk.) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Synonyms for â€Å"Leader†The Writing Process75 Synonyms for â€Å"Hard†

Quality Assurance in Clinical Bacteriology Assignment

Quality Assurance in Clinical Bacteriology - Assignment Example From start to end, the full production line has to be properly monitored and to be prepared with contingency plans. To achieve Total Quality Management, a Quality System—defined as the organizational structure and resources needed to implement quality requirements (Kumari and Bhatia, 2003, p. 20)—must be established. The organizationl management and structure, the referential (quality) standards, documentation, assessment (monitoring and evaluation) and training are all part of Quality Systems. Proper delegation of responsibilities and appropriate distribution of work load will provide balance to the systems as well as make a stable foundation for the work flow. Standards for quality measurement are also critical not only in ensuring the uniformity but also in the assurance of providing quality output all the time. Proper documentation and assessment of the work flow usually defines the level of progress the system will be able to achieve. Thorough evaluation of the whole process may uncover loop holes, weaknesses and possible sources of errors of the production line. Identifying th ese flaws is the first step in developing its solution. Henceforth, training of the work force and countinous update of protocols must be implemented for the whole group to improve. Aside from Quality System, Quality Audit is also important for the improvement of the laboratory. As explained by Kumari and Bhatia (2003), Quality Audits are established to verify the effectiveness of the acivities of the laboratory. This is to test whether the implemented actions do solve and/or accomplish its designated target. A separate team, either another group within the laboratory (internal audits) or a group not within the laboratory (external audits), usually handle these concerns to achieve an impartial view and judgement. Improvement is not a one-step thing. It is continous. It is vital for the system to repeatedly plan, do (implement), check and act

A Inter Industry and Intra Industry Trade The Hackescher-Ohlin Model Assignment

A Inter Industry and Intra Industry Trade The Hackescher-Ohlin Model - Assignment Example On the other hand, the intra industry trade refers to the exchange of the products of the same kind of products and services between different countries. The intra industry trade could occur between the countries that have similar relative amount of factor of production whereas the inter industry trade occurs between the countries that have different production factors. Intra industry trade results in the economies of scale and allows lower cost of production while providing the customers wide range of choices. It is not focused on gaining competitive advantage. The standard industrial classifications have provided the estimated that around 25 percent of the volume of world trade has been contributed by the intra industry trade. The inter industry trade is the trade between the countries where the export and import of different types of goods and services occur between the countries. The inter industry trade us based upon the differences on the production factors held by the industries of different countries. The countries export the products that they could produce in relative large amount due to intensive capital whereas they import the products that they could not produce themselves due to lack of intensive capital and production factors required for the production of these products. The inter industry trade does not include the exchange of goods between the countries in the same classification. The intra industry trade refers to the trade of the goods and services of the same classification between the countries.... The inter industry trade us based upon the differences on the production factors held by the industries of different countries. The countries export the products that they could produce in relative large amount due to intensive capital whereas they import the products that they could not produce themselves due to lack of intensive capital and production factors required for the production of these products. The inter industry trade does not include the exchange of goods between the countries in the same classification (Bela, 1981, p1109). The intra industry trade on the other hand refers to the trade of the goods and services of the same classification between the countries. The products of same classification are exported and imported by the countries in the process of intra industry trade. The notion of intra industry trade is based upon the economies of scale and similarity of the production factor endowment. The intra industry trade is lead by different factors for instance, the countries use to important a product in some season and then export the same product in another season during which they could product it abundantly. Similarly, some countries export a product from one border and at the same time it import the same product at another border due to the cost involved in the transportation of these products within the country from one end to another (Aquino, 2000, p275). The intra industry trade focuses upon the economies of the scale because it proposes the import of the goods from the other countries they could be manufactured at home but their production cost would be greater at home and from other countries the same products could be attained at comparatively lower rates. The world community is witnessing growing